design of simple dc power supply using bipolar transistor

#Design of simple dc power supply using bipolar transistor how to#
#Design of simple dc power supply using bipolar transistor full#

We know that a capacitor is an energy storing element. Consider a capacitor filter which is frequently used in most cases for smoothing. This pulsating DC can be filtered using an inductor filter or a capacitor filter or a resistor-capacitor-coupled filter for removing the ripples. The output of the diode bridge is a DC consisting of ripples also called as pulsating DC. Smoothing the Ripples using Filterġ5V DC can be regulated into 5V DC using a step-down converter, but before this, it is required to obtain pure DC power. But voltage drop across the diodes is (2*0.7V) 1.4V therefore, the peak voltage at the output of this retifier circuit is 15V (17-1.4) approx. Hence, it is called as pulsating DC power. Thus, AC is converted into DC here the obtained is not a pure DC as it consists of pulses. During positive half cycle, diodes D2 and D4 will conduct and during negative half cycle diodes D1 and D3 will conduct. If the diode anode voltage is greater than the cathode voltage then the diode is said to be in forward bias. We know that the diode is an uncontrolled rectifier which will conduct only forward bias and will not conduct during the reverse bias. Bridge Rectifierīridge rectifier consists of four diodes which are connected in the form a bridge.

#Design of simple dc power supply using bipolar transistor full#

Due to the advantages of the bridge rectifier over the half and full wave rectifier, the bridge rectifier is frequently used for converting AC to DC. There are different types of rectifiers, such as half-wave rectifier, full-wave rectifier and bridge rectifier.

#Design of simple dc power supply using bipolar transistor how to#

But first and foremost, we must know how to convert AC to DC? AC power can be converted into DC using one of the power electronic converters called as Rectifier. Convert AC to DCĢ30V AC power is converted into 12V AC (12V RMS value wherein the peak value is around 17V), but the required power is 5V DC for this purpose, 17V AC power must be primarily converted into DC power then it can be stepped down to the 5V DC. Transformers works on the principle of Faraday’s laws of electromagnetic induction. Step-down transformer consists of two windings, namely primary and secondary windings where primary can be designed using a less-gauge wire with more number of turns as it is used for carrying low-current high-voltage power, and the secondary winding using a high-gauge wire with less number of turns as it is used for carrying high-current low-voltage power. 12V output of stepdown transformer is an RMS value and its peak value is given by the product of square root of two with RMS value, which is approximately 17V. 230V AC is converted into 12V AC using a step-down transformer. There are step-up and step-down transformers which are used to step up or step down the voltage levels. The converter with output voltage less than the input voltage is called as a step-down converter, and the converter with output voltage greater than the input voltage is called as step-up converter. The step-down converters are used for converting the high voltage into low voltage.

Generally the converters with output voltage less than the input voltage are called as step-down converters. For example, the micro-controller based circuits, usually the 5V DC regulated power supply circuits, are used, which can be designed using different techniques for converting the available 230V AC power to 5V DC power. There are different types of power supply circuits based on the power they are used to provide for devices. Power supply circuit, the name itself indicates that this circuit is used to supply the power to other electrical and electronic circuits or devices. Power Supply Circuit Step Down Converter Circuit